Sudan

Official nameRepublic of the Sudan
Name in local languageجمهورية السودان ; Jumhūriyyat as-Sūdān (ar)
ContinentAfrica
SubcontinentEast Africa
Population (ranking: 32e)44,318,058 inhabitants (2021)
Population growth3.42 % / year
Area1,886,068 km²
Density23.50 inhabitants / km²
GDP (ranking: 111e)26.111 billions $USD (2020)
GDP/capita (ranking)596 $USD (2020)
GDP growth-1.60 % / year (2020)
Life expectancy (ranking)65.10 years (2018)
Birth rate33.05 ‰ (2014)
Fertility rate4.35 children / woman (2014)
Death rate (ranking)7.76 ‰ (2014)
Infant mortality rate (ranking)47.60 ‰ (2015)
Literacy rate75.90 % (2015)
Official languagesArabic, English
CurrencySudanese pound (SDD)
HDI (ranking: 207e)0.510 / 1 (2019)
EPI (ranking)51.49 (2018)
GovernmentFederal presidential republic (de jure) under a Military junta (de facto)
Head of StateChairman of the Sovereignty Council Abdel Fattah al-Burhan
National Day1st January (independence of 1956)
ISO CodesSD, SDN
DemonymSudanese
Tourists (ranking)813,000 people (2017)
Sudan – small
Very strong demographic growth

Sudan is a federal state in northeastern Africa. It is bordered to the north by Egypt, to the east by Eritrea and Ethiopia, to the south by South Sudan, from which it separated in 2011, and to the west by the Central African Republic, Chad and Libya. It is bathed in the east by the Red Sea.

Champs d'oignons, Kassala, Soudan. Photo : Bertramz, Wikipédia.
Fields of onions, Kassala, Sudan. Photo: Bertramz, Wikipedia
Djebel Marra Deriba, Soudan. Photo : J Williams.
Volcano Djebel Marra Deriba, Sudan. Photo: J Williams
See all related maps or articles
Urban areas (2019)
Urban areasPopulation
Khartoum8,524,021 inhabitants
Nyala738,154 inhabitants
Port Soudan499,279 inhabitants
Kassala455,669 inhabitants
al-Ubayyid420,929 inhabitants
Kusti415,593 inhabitants
Wad Madani356,978 inhabitants
al-Qadarif353,686 inhabitants
al-Fair275,515 inhabitants
ad-Duayn242,465 inhabitants
See all urban areas
Administrative divisions
StatesPopulationArea
Al Gedarif2,108,468 inhabitants75,263 km²
Al Gezira4,926,555 inhabitants27,549 km²
Blue Nile1,080,743 inhabitants45,844 km²
Central Darfur (recent creation)0 inhabitants0 km²
East Darfur (recent creation)0 inhabitants0 km²
Kassala2,438,808 inhabitants36,710 km²
Khartoum7,687,547 inhabitants22,142 km²
Nile River1,472,257 inhabitants122,123 km²
North Darfur2,296,068 inhabitants296,420 km²
North Kurdufan3,160,663 inhabitants185,302 km²
Northern913,533 inhabitants348,765 km²
Red Sea1,447,787 inhabitants218,887 km²
Sinnar1,847,458 inhabitants37,844 km²
South Darfur5,220,191 inhabitants127,300 km²
South Kurdufan2,047,294 inhabitants79,470 km²
West Darfur1,725,110 inhabitants79,460 km²
West Kurdufan (recent creation)0 inhabitants111,373 km²
White Nile2,410,260 inhabitants30,411 km²
See all administrative divisions
See also