Canada September 29, 2021 Accord de libre-échange nord-américain , AECG , Alberta , ALÉNA , American Natives , Americas , Arctic , Arctic Ocean , Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation , Atlantic Ocean , aurora , British colony , British Columbia , British Commonwealth , Calgary , Canada , CETA , Club de Paris , colony , Commonwealth , Edmonton , english , English language , Francophonie , Free Trade Area of the Americas , French , French colony , French language , G20 , G7 , G8 , gas , Great Lakes , Great North , Halifax , hydrocarbons , ice pack , indian summer , Iqaluit , Mackenzie , maple , maple syrup , Monarchie constitutionnelle , Montagnes Rocheuses , Montreal , mountains , NATO , Newfoundland and Labrador , North , North America , North Atlantic Ocean , North Atlantic Treaty Organization , North Pole , northern lights , Nouvelle-France , Nunavut , OECD , oil , Ontario , Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development , Organisation internationale de la Francophonie , Ottawa , Pacific Ocean , permafrost , polar aurora , pure water , Quebec , river , Rocheuses , sables bitumineux , Saint Lawrence , Saint Lawrence River , Statistique Canada , Terre-Neuve , Toronto , Vancouver , water , Winnipeg , Yukon Official name Canada Name in local language Canada (en ; fr) Continent Americas Subcontinent North America Population (ranking: 37e ) 38,434,148 inhabitants (2021) Population growth 0.55 % / year Area 9,984,670 km² Density 3.85 inhabitants / km² GDP (ranking: 11e )1,643.408 billions $USD (2020) GDP/capita (ranking ) 43,242 $USD (2020) GDP growth -5.40 % / year (2020) Life expectancy (ranking ) 82.40 years (2019) Birth rate 10.60 ‰ (2016) Fertility rate 1.47 children / woman (2019) Death rate (ranking ) 7.40 ‰ (2015) Infant mortality rate (ranking ) 4.40 ‰ (2019) Literacy rate 100.00 % (2021) Official languages French, English Currency Dollar ($ CAD) HDI (ranking: 21e )0.929 / 1 (2019) EPI (ranking )72.18 (2018) Government Federal parliamentary constitutional monarchy Head of State Governor General Mary Simon ; Monarch Queen Elizabeth II ; Prime Minister Justin Trudeau National Day 1st July (Canada Day, Constitution Act in 1867) ISO Codes CA, CAN Demonym Canadian Tourists (ranking ) 22,141,939 people (2019)
A diversified economy but still based on oil and raw materials Canada is located in North America. It is the second largest country in the world after Russia . It is made up of ten provinces and three territories. It is bordered to the west by the Pacific Ocean, to the north by the Arctic Ocean, and to the east by the Atlantic Ocean. It shares the world’s longest border (8891 km) with its southern neighbor, the United States . Canada is the country with the largest freshwater reserves in the world.
Aurora borealis above Jasper, Alberta, Canada. Photo: AuroresBoreales.com Canada: evolution of GDP between 2001 and 2015. Source: Statistics Canada, Radio-Canada Montreal, Quebec, Canada Urban areas (2020) Urban areas Population Toronto 6,555,205 inhabitants Montreal 4,364,189 inhabitants Vancouver 2,737,698 inhabitants Calgary 1,543,283 inhabitants Edmonton 1,468,926 inhabitants Ottawa-Gatineau 1,461,494 inhabitants Winnipeg 850,056 inhabitants Quebec 832,328 inhabitants Hamilton 804,691 inhabitants Kitchener-Cambridge-Waterloo 593,882 inhabitants London 551,066 inhabitants Halifax 448,544 inhabitants St. Catharines–Niagara 437,114 inhabitants Oshawa 423,036 inhabitants Victoria 408,883 inhabitants Detroit - Windsor (Canadian part) 356,880 inhabitants Saskatoon 336,614 inhabitants Regina 263,184 inhabitants Sherbrooke 224,557 inhabitants Kelowna 222,748 inhabitants Barrie 218,188 inhabitants St. John's 214,014 inhabitants Abbotsford-Mission 204,265 inhabitants Kingston 176,184 inhabitants Greater Sudbury 172,462 inhabitants
Administrative divisions Provinces and territories Population Area Alberta 4,459,041 inhabitants 661,848 km² British Columbia 5,252,848 inhabitants 944,735 km² Manitoba 1,388,264 inhabitants 647,797 km² New Brunswick 793,221 inhabitants 72,908 km² Newfoundland and Labrador 521,776 inhabitants 405,212 km² Northwest Territories (Territory) 45,521 inhabitants 1,346,106 km² Nova Scotia 998,345 inhabitants 55,284 km² Nunavut (Territory) 39,557 inhabitants 2,093,190 km² Ontario 14,899,803 inhabitants 1,076,395 km² Prince Edward Island 166,232 inhabitants 5,660 km² Quebec 8,641,553 inhabitants 1,542,056 km² Saskatchewan 1,184,721 inhabitants 651,036 km² Yukon (Territory) 43,269 inhabitants 482,443 km²
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