Canada March 20, 2020 Accord de libre-échange nord-américain , AECG , Alberta , ALÉNA , American Natives , Americas , Arctic , Arctic Ocean , Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation , Atlantic Ocean , aurora , British colony , British Columbia , British Commonwealth , Calgary , Canada , CETA , Club de Paris , colony , Commonwealth , Edmonton , english , English language , Francophonie , Free Trade Area of the Americas , French , French colony , French language , G20 , G7 , G8 , gas , Great Lakes , Great North , Halifax , hydrocarbons , ice pack , indian summer , Iqaluit , Mackenzie , maple , maple syrup , Monarchie constitutionnelle , Montagnes Rocheuses , Montreal , mountains , NATO , Newfoundland and Labrador , North , North America , North Atlantic Ocean , North Atlantic Treaty Organization , North Pole , northern lights , Nouvelle-France , Nunavut , OECD , oil , Ontario , Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development , Organisation internationale de la Francophonie , Ottawa , Pacific Ocean , permafrost , polar aurora , pure water , Quebec , river , Rocheuses , sables bitumineux , Saint Lawrence , Saint Lawrence River , Statistique Canada , Terre-Neuve , Toronto , Vancouver , water , Winnipeg , Yukon Official name Canada Name in local language Canada (en ; fr) Continent Americas Subcontinent North America Population (ranking: 39e ) 37,980,511 inhabitants (2020) Population growth 1.56 % / year Area 9,984,670 km² Density 3.80 inhabitants / km² GDP (ranking: 10e )1,709.327 billions $USD (2018) GDP/capita (ranking ) 46,125 $USD (2018) GDP growth 1.90 % / year (2018) Life expectancy (ranking ) 82.30 years (2018) Birth rate 10.60 ‰ (2016) Fertility rate 1.49 children / woman (2017) Death rate (ranking ) 7.40 ‰ (2015) Infant mortality rate (ranking ) 4.70 ‰ (2018) Literacy rate 100.00 % (2019) Official languages French, English Currency Dollar ($ CAD) HDI (ranking: 22e )0.922 / 1 (2018) EPI (ranking )72.18 (2018) Government Federal parliamentary constitutional monarchy Head of State Governor General Julie Payette ; Monarch Queen Elizabeth II ; Prime Minister Justin Trudeau National Day 1st July (Canada Day, Constitution Act in 1867) ISO Codes CA, CAN Demonym Canadian Tourists (ranking ) 22,141,939 people (2019)
An economy still based on oil and raw materials Canada is located in North America. It is the second largest country in the world after Russia . It is made up of ten provinces and three territories. It is bordered to the west by the Pacific Ocean, to the north by the Arctic Ocean, and to the east by the Atlantic Ocean. It shares the world’s longest border (8891 km) with its southern neighbor, the United States . Canada is the country with the largest freshwater reserves in the world.
Aurora borealis above Jasper, Alberta, Canada. Photo: AuroresBoreales.com Canada: evolution of GDP between 2001 and 2015. Source: Statistics Canada, Radio-Canada Montreal, Quebec, Canada Urban areas (2019) Urban areas Population Toronto 6,471,850 inhabitants Montreal 4,318,505 inhabitants Vancouver 2,691,351 inhabitants Calgary 1,514,723 inhabitants Edmonton 1,447,143 inhabitants Ottawa-Gatineau 1,441,118 inhabitants Winnipeg 844,566 inhabitants Quebec 824,411 inhabitants Hamilton 794,716 inhabitants Kitchener-Cambridge-Waterloo 584,259 inhabitants London 545,441 inhabitants Halifax 440,348 inhabitants St. Catharines–Niagara 434,927 inhabitants Oshawa 413,936 inhabitants Victoria 402,271 inhabitants Detroit - Windsor (Canadian part) 354,917 inhabitants Saskatoon 330,674 inhabitants Regina 261,684 inhabitants Sherbrooke 221,043 inhabitants Kelowna 217,229 inhabitants Barrie 213,660 inhabitants St. John's 212,433 inhabitants Abbotsford-Mission 201,953 inhabitants Kingston 175,708 inhabitants Sudbury 172,216 inhabitants
Administrative divisions Provinces and territories Population Area Alberta 4,427,461 inhabitants 661,848 km² British Columbia 5,124,557 inhabitants 944,735 km² Manitoba 1,379,155 inhabitants 647,797 km² New Brunswick 780,047 inhabitants 72,908 km² Newfoundland and Labrador 520,791 inhabitants 405,212 km² Northwest Territories (Territory) 44,891 inhabitants 1,346,106 km² Nova Scotia 978,965 inhabitants 55,284 km² Nunavut (Territory) 39,285 inhabitants 2,093,190 km² Ontario 14,749,008 inhabitants 1,076,395 km² Prince Edward Island 158,367 inhabitants 5,660 km² Quebec 8,554,385 inhabitants 1,542,056 km² Saskatchewan 1,182,551 inhabitants 651,036 km² Yukon (Territory) 41,055 inhabitants 482,443 km²
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