Canada December 20, 2018 Accord de libre-échange nord-américain , AECG , Alberta , ALÉNA , Americas , Arctic , Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation , Atlantic Ocean , aurores , aurores boréales , aurores polaires , banquise , British colony , British Commonwealth , Calgary , Canada , CETA , Club de Paris , Colombie-Britannique , colony , Commonwealth , eau douce , Edmonton , english , English language , érable , été indien , fleuve Saint-Laurent , Francophonie , French , French colony , French language , G20 , G7 , G8 , gas , grand nord , Grands Lacs , Halifax , hydrocarbons , indiens d'Amérique , Iqaluit , Mackenzie , Monarchie constitutionnelle , Montagnes Rocheuses , Montréal , mountains , NATO , nord , North America , North Atlantic Treaty Organization , North Pole , Nouvelle-France , Nunavut , Océan Arctique , OECD , oil , Ontario , Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development , Organisation internationale de la Francophonie , Ottawa , Pacific Ocean , permafrost , permafrost , Quebec , river , Rocheuses , sables bitumineux , Saint-Laurent , sirop d'érable , Statistique Canada , Terre-Neuve , Terre-Neuve-et-Labrador , Toronto , Vancouver , water , Winnipeg , Yukon , Zone de libre-échange des Amériques Official name Canada Name in local language Canada (en ; fr) Continent Americas Subcontinent North America Population (ranking: 39e ) 37,242,571 inhabitants (2018) Population growth 1.44 % / year Area 9,984,670 km² Density 3.73 inhabitants / km² GDP (ranking: 10e )1,653.043 billions $USD (2017) GDP/capita (ranking ) 45,032 $USD (2017) GDP growth 3.05 % / year (2017) Life expectancy (ranking ) 81.90 years (2015) Birth rate 10.60 ‰ (2016) Fertility rate 1.49 children / woman (2017) Death rate (ranking ) 7.40 ‰ (2015) Infant mortality rate (ranking ) 4.50 ‰ (2015) Literacy rate 100.00 % (2018) Official languages French, English Currency Dollar ($ CAD) HDI (ranking: 19e )0.926 / 1 (2017) EPI (ranking )72.18 (2018) Government Federal parliamentary constitutional monarchy Head of State Governor General Julie Payette ; Monarch Queen Elizabeth II ; Prime Minister Justin Trudeau National Day 1st July (Canada Day, Constitution Act in 1867) ISO Codes CA, CAN Demonym Canadian Tourists (ranking ) 20,846,000 people (2017)
An economy still based on oil and raw materials Canada is located in North America. It is the second largest country in the world after Russia . It is made up of ten provinces and three territories. It is bordered to the west by the Pacific Ocean, to the north by the Arctic Ocean, and to the east by the Atlantic Ocean. It shares the world’s longest border (8891 km) with its southern neighbor, the United States . Canada is the country with the largest freshwater reserves in the world.
Aurora borealis above Jasper, Alberta, Canada. Photo: AuroresBoreales.com Canada: evolution of GDP between 2001 and 2015. Source: Statistics Canada, Radio-Canada Montreal, Quebec, Canada Urban areas (2017) Urban areas Population Toronto 6,346,088 inhabitants Montreal 4,138,254 inhabitants Vancouver 2,571,262 inhabitants Calgary 1,488,841 inhabitants Edmonton 1,411,945 inhabitants Ottawa-Gatineau 1,377,016 inhabitants Winnipeg 825,713 inhabitants Quebec 812,205 inhabitants Hamilton 787,195 inhabitants Kitchener-Cambridge-Waterloo 527,765 inhabitants London 521,756 inhabitants Halifax 431,701 inhabitants St. Catharines–Niagara 416,539 inhabitants Oshawa 402,399 inhabitants Victoria 377,414 inhabitants Windsor 344,747 inhabitants Saskatoon 323,809 inhabitants Regina 253,220 inhabitants St. John's 219,207 inhabitants Sherbrooke 218,633 inhabitants Barrie 209,081 inhabitants Kelowna 202,208 inhabitants Abbotsford-Mission 190,714 inhabitants Kingston 173,862 inhabitants Sudbury 165,270 inhabitants
Administrative divisions Provinces and territories Population Area Alberta 4,330,206 inhabitants 661,848 km² British Columbia 5,016,322 inhabitants 944,735 km² Manitoba 1,356,836 inhabitants 647,797 km² New Brunswick 772,238 inhabitants 72,908 km² Newfoundland and Labrador 525,073 inhabitants 405,212 km² Northwest Territories (Territory) 44,445 inhabitants 1,346,106 km² Nova Scotia 964,693 inhabitants 55,284 km² Nunavut (Territory) 38,650 inhabitants 2,093,190 km² Ontario 14,411,424 inhabitants 1,076,395 km² Prince Edward Island 154,750 inhabitants 5,660 km² Quebec 8,421,698 inhabitants 1,542,056 km² Saskatchewan 1,165,903 inhabitants 651,036 km² Yukon (Territory) 40,333 inhabitants 482,443 km²
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