Canada December 28, 2019 Accord de libre-échange nord-américain , AECG , Alberta , ALÉNA , American Natives , Americas , Arctic , Arctic Ocean , Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation , Atlantic Ocean , aurora , banquise , British colony , British Columbia , British Commonwealth , Calgary , Canada , CETA , Club de Paris , colony , Commonwealth , Edmonton , english , English language , Francophonie , Free Trade Area of the Americas , French , French colony , French language , G20 , G7 , G8 , gas , Great Lakes , Great North , Halifax , hydrocarbons , indian summer , Iqaluit , Mackenzie , maple , maple syrup , Monarchie constitutionnelle , Montagnes Rocheuses , Montreal , mountains , NATO , North , North America , North Atlantic Ocean , North Atlantic Treaty Organization , North Pole , northern lights , Nouvelle-France , Nunavut , OECD , oil , Ontario , Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development , Organisation internationale de la Francophonie , Ottawa , Pacific Ocean , permafrost , polar aurora , pure water , Quebec , river , Rocheuses , sables bitumineux , Saint Lawrence , Saint Lawrence River , Statistique Canada , Terre-Neuve , Terre-Neuve-et-Labrador , Toronto , Vancouver , water , Winnipeg , Yukon Official name Canada Name in local language Canada (en ; fr) Continent Americas Subcontinent North America Population (ranking: 39e ) 37,870,467 inhabitants (2019) Population growth 1.42 % / year Area 9,984,670 km² Density 3.79 inhabitants / km² GDP (ranking: 10e )1,709.327 billions $USD (2018) GDP/capita (ranking ) 46,125 $USD (2018) GDP growth 1.90 % / year (2018) Life expectancy (ranking ) 81.90 years (2015) Birth rate 10.60 ‰ (2016) Fertility rate 1.49 children / woman (2017) Death rate (ranking ) 7.40 ‰ (2015) Infant mortality rate (ranking ) 4.70 ‰ (2018) Literacy rate 100.00 % (2019) Official languages French, English Currency Dollar ($ CAD) HDI (ranking: 21e )0.926 / 1 (2017) EPI (ranking )72.18 (2018) Government Federal parliamentary constitutional monarchy Head of State Governor General Julie Payette ; Monarch Queen Elizabeth II ; Prime Minister Justin Trudeau National Day 1st July (Canada Day, Constitution Act in 1867) ISO Codes CA, CAN Demonym Canadian Tourists (ranking ) 21,133,853 people (2018)
An economy still based on oil and raw materials Canada is located in North America. It is the second largest country in the world after Russia . It is made up of ten provinces and three territories. It is bordered to the west by the Pacific Ocean, to the north by the Arctic Ocean, and to the east by the Atlantic Ocean. It shares the world’s longest border (8891 km) with its southern neighbor, the United States . Canada is the country with the largest freshwater reserves in the world.
Aurora borealis above Jasper, Alberta, Canada. Photo: AuroresBoreales.com Canada: evolution of GDP between 2001 and 2015. Source: Statistics Canada, Radio-Canada Montreal, Quebec, Canada Urban areas (2018) Urban areas Population Toronto 6,341,935 inhabitants Montreal 4,255,541 inhabitants Vancouver 2,650,005 inhabitants Calgary 1,486,050 inhabitants Edmonton 1,420,916 inhabitants Ottawa-Gatineau 1,414,399 inhabitants Winnipeg 832,186 inhabitants Quebec 817,408 inhabitants Hamilton 786,641 inhabitants Kitchener-Cambridge-Waterloo 567,740 inhabitants London 532,984 inhabitants Halifax 430,512 inhabitants St. Catharines–Niagara 429,036 inhabitants Oshawa 405,631 inhabitants Victoria 395,523 inhabitants Saskatoon 322,568 inhabitants Regina 257,337 inhabitants Sherbrooke 218,797 inhabitants St. John's 212,501 inhabitants Kelowna 212,311 inhabitants Barrie 210,800 inhabitants Abbotsford-Mission 196,007 inhabitants Kingston 173,450 inhabitants Sudbury 171,471 inhabitants Guelph 162,612 inhabitants
Administrative divisions Provinces and territories Population Area Alberta 4,409,325 inhabitants 661,848 km² British Columbia 5,111,912 inhabitants 944,735 km² Manitoba 1,376,789 inhabitants 647,797 km² New Brunswick 780,336 inhabitants 72,908 km² Newfoundland and Labrador 521,388 inhabitants 405,212 km² Northwest Territories (Territory) 44,980 inhabitants 1,346,106 km² Nova Scotia 977,699 inhabitants 55,284 km² Nunavut (Territory) 38,960 inhabitants 2,093,190 km² Ontario 14,694,317 inhabitants 1,076,395 km² Prince Edward Island 157,617 inhabitants 5,660 km² Quebec 8,535,799 inhabitants 1,542,056 km² Saskatchewan 1,180,283 inhabitants 651,036 km² Yukon (Territory) 41,074 inhabitants 482,443 km²
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