Canada August 2, 2023 Accord de libre-échange nord-américain , AECG , Alberta , ALÉNA , American Natives , Americas , Arctic , Arctic Ocean , Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation , Atlantic Ocean , aurora , British colony , British Columbia , British Commonwealth , Calgary , Canada , CETA , Club de Paris , colony , Commonwealth , Edmonton , english , English language , Francophonie , Free Trade Area of the Americas , French , French colony , French language , G20 , G7 , G8 , gas , Great Lakes , Great North , Halifax , hydrocarbons , ice pack , indian summer , Iqaluit , Mackenzie , maple , maple syrup , Monarchie constitutionnelle , Montagnes Rocheuses , Montreal , mountains , NATO , Newfoundland and Labrador , North , North America , North Atlantic Ocean , North Atlantic Treaty Organization , North Pole , northern lights , Nouvelle-France , Nunavut , OECD , oil , Ontario , Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development , Organisation internationale de la Francophonie , Ottawa , Pacific Ocean , permafrost , polar aurora , pure water , Quebec , river , Rocheuses , sables bitumineux , Saint Lawrence , Saint Lawrence River , Statistique Canada , Terre-Neuve , Toronto , Vancouver , water , Winnipeg , Yukon Official name Canada Name in local language Canada (en ; fr) Continent Americas Subcontinent North America Population (ranking: 36e ) 40,206,439 inhabitants (2023) Population growth 3.14 % / year Area 9,984,670 km² Density 4.03 inhabitants / km² GDP (ranking: 8e )2,139.840 billions $USD (2022) GDP/capita (ranking ) 54,967 $USD (2022) GDP growth 3.40 % / year (2022) Life expectancy (ranking ) 82.40 years (2019) Birth rate 10.60 ‰ (2016) Fertility rate 1.47 children / woman (2019) Death rate (ranking ) 7.40 ‰ (2015) Infant mortality rate (ranking ) 4.40 ‰ (2019) Literacy rate 100.00 % (2023) Official languages French, English Currency Dollar ($ CAD) HDI (ranking: 20e )0.936 / 1 (2021) EPI (ranking )50.00 (2022) Government Federal parliamentary constitutional monarchy Head of State Governor General Mary Simon ; Monarch King Charles III ; Prime Minister Justin Trudeau National Day 1st July (Canada Day, Constitution Act in 1867) ISO Codes CA, CAN Demonym Canadian Tourists (ranking ) 22,141,939 people (2019)
A diversified economy but still based on oil and raw materials Canada is located in North America. It is the second largest country in the world after Russia . It is made up of ten provinces and three territories. It is bordered to the west by the Pacific Ocean, to the north by the Arctic Ocean, and to the east by the Atlantic Ocean. It shares the world’s longest border (8891 km) with its southern neighbor, the United States . Canada is the country with the largest freshwater reserves in the world.
Aurora borealis above Jasper, Alberta, Canada. Photo: AuroresBoreales.com Canada: evolution of GDP between 2001 and 2015. Source: Statistics Canada, Radio-Canada Montreal, Quebec, Canada Urban areas (2022) Urban areas Population Toronto 6,685,621 inhabitants Montreal 4,378,796 inhabitants Vancouver 2,842,730 inhabitants Calgary 1,608,342 inhabitants Edmonton 1,516,719 inhabitants Ottawa-Gatineau 1,498,610 inhabitants Winnipeg 871,778 inhabitants Quebec 848,776 inhabitants Hamilton 821,839 inhabitants Kitchener-Cambridge-Waterloo 622,497 inhabitants London 574,238 inhabitants Halifax 480,582 inhabitants St. Catharines–Niagara 450,501 inhabitants Oshawa 447,079 inhabitants Victoria 423,136 inhabitants Detroit - Windsor (Canadian part) 359,672 inhabitants Saskatoon 347,536 inhabitants Regina 268,804 inhabitants Kelowna 235,473 inhabitants Sherbrooke 231,055 inhabitants Barrie 228,979 inhabitants St. John's 219,119 inhabitants Abbotsford-Mission 208,961 inhabitants Kingston 180,070 inhabitants Greater Sudbury 175,357 inhabitants
Administrative divisions Provinces and territories Population Area Alberta 4,771,354 inhabitants 661,848 km² British Columbia 5,485,352 inhabitants 944,735 km² Manitoba 1,452,806 inhabitants 647,797 km² New Brunswick 841,565 inhabitants 72,908 km² Newfoundland and Labrador 535,398 inhabitants 405,212 km² Northwest Territories (Territory) 45,788 inhabitants 1,346,106 km² Nova Scotia 1,060,051 inhabitants 55,284 km² Nunavut (Territory) 40,692 inhabitants 2,093,190 km² Ontario 15,634,456 inhabitants 1,076,395 km² Prince Edward Island 179,520 inhabitants 5,660 km² Quebec 8,886,068 inhabitants 1,542,056 km² Saskatchewan 1,228,807 inhabitants 651,036 km² Yukon (Territory) 44,591 inhabitants 482,443 km²
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