Gibraltar

Gibraltar

Official name	Gibraltar
Name in local language	Gibraltar (en)
Continent	Europe
Subcontinent	Europe (outside the European Union)
Population (ranking: 229^e)	36,974 inhabitants (2019)
Population growth	1.55 % / year
Area	7 km²
Density	5,437.35 inhabitants / km²
GDP (ranking: 189^e)	2.827 billions $USD (2018)
GDP/capita (ranking)	84,198 $USD (2018)
GDP growth	6.00 % / year (2018)
Life expectancy (ranking)	79.40 years (2016)
Birth rate	14.70 ‰ (2014)
Fertility rate	1.91 children / woman (2016)
Death rate (ranking)	7.50 ‰ (2014)
Infant mortality rate (ranking)	6.00 ‰ (2016)
Literacy rate	100.00 % (2019)
Official languages	English
Currency	Gibraltar pound (£ GIP)
HDI (ranking: 3^e)	0.961 / 1 (2008)
EPI (ranking)	0.00 (2018)
Government	British Overseas Territory
Head of State	Queen Elizabeth II ; Governor Ed Davis
National Day	10 September (1967 referendum of sovereignty)
ISO Codes	GI, GIB
Demonym	Gibraltarian
Tourists (ranking)	99,722 people (2016)

Gibraltar is a small overseas territory of the United Kingdom (6.8 km²) located south of the Iberian Peninsula, bordering the Strait of Gibraltar, which connects the Mediterranean to the Atlantic Ocean. It corresponds to the Rock of Gibraltar and its immediate surroundings and is separated from Spain by a 1.2 kilometer border. He is facing Morocco, located in Africa, on the other side of the strait.

This region is strategic, especially militarily, as it is a checkpoint for the passage of ships between the Atlantic and the Mediterranean, and between Europe and Africa.
Military activities and related shipyards have long been the mainstay of the economic activity of the small territory. Now, services, including tourism but especially finance, have taken over. Gibraltar is indeed considered a tax haven.