Poland

Graeme Villeret

8 years ago

Official name	Republic of Poland
Name in local language	Rzeczpospolita Polska (pl)
Continent	Europe
Subcontinent	European Union
Population (ranking: 38^e)	38,386,158 inhabitants (2019)
Population growth	-0.07 % / year
Area	312,679 km²
Density	122.77 inhabitants / km²
GDP (ranking: 23^e)	585.783 billions $USD (2018)
GDP/capita (ranking)	15,424 $USD (2018)
GDP growth	5.10 % / year (2018)
Life expectancy (ranking)	78.50 years (2018)
Birth rate	8.90 ‰ (2019)
Fertility rate	1.45 children / woman (2017)
Death rate (ranking)	9.70 ‰ (2019)
Infant mortality rate (ranking)	4.40 ‰ (2019)
Literacy rate	99.80 % (2019)
Official languages	Polish
Currency	Polish złoty (zł PLN)
HDI (ranking: 50^e)	0.872 / 1 (2018)
EPI (ranking)	64.11 (2018)
Government	Unitary semi-presidential republic
Head of State	President Andrzej Duda
National Day	3rd May (constitution of 1791)
ISO Codes	PL, POL
Demonym	Polish
Tourists (ranking)	18,257,800 people (2017)

Entry into the European Union has been beneficial

Poland is a central European state bordering Germany to the west, Czechia and Slovakia to the south, Ukraine and Belarus to the east, the Russian enclave to Kaliningrad and Lithuania to the north . It is bordered to the north by the Baltic Sea.
The entry into the European Union on 1st January 2004 was particularly beneficial for Poland and the Polish.
Indeed, since the fall of the Berlin Wall and the break-up of the Eastern bloc, the country has followed its neighbors in a kind of descent into the economic underworld. Unemployment had risen a lot, many companies had closed.
However, the 38.4 million Polish consumers are one of the largest and most promising markets in the European Union. It is also a buffer country between the Union and neighboring Russia.

Poland – Lake in autumn, Pomerania. Photo: Wildlife Archives

See all related maps or articles

Urban areas (2016)

Urban areas	Population
Warsaw Maps: Varsovie – routière Varsovie – satellite	3,386,904 inhabitants
Katowice Maps: Katowice – routière Katowice – satellite	2,733,616 inhabitants
Kraków	1,489,401 inhabitants
Łódź	1,428,579 inhabitants
Gdańsk (Tricity - Trójmiasto)	1,325,605 inhabitants
Wrocław	1,226,667 inhabitants
Poznań Maps: Poznan – routière Poznan – satellite	1,185,567 inhabitants
Szczecin	917,198 inhabitants
Bydgoszcz-Toruń	775,927 inhabitants
Kielce	766,911 inhabitants
Lublin	711,976 inhabitants
Bielsko-Biała	666,146 inhabitants
Rzeszów	635,960 inhabitants
Rybnik	635,512 inhabitants
Opole	617,990 inhabitants
Radom	614,155 inhabitants
Częstochowa	517,353 inhabitants
Białystok	512,004 inhabitants
Tarnów	463,170 inhabitants

See all urban areas

Administrative divisions

Provinces (Voivodeships)	Population	Area
Greater Poland (Wielkopolskie)	3,484,975 inhabitants	29,826 km²
Holy Cross (Świętokrzyskie)	1,249,710 inhabitants	11,711 km²
Kuyavian-Pomeranian (Kujawsko-Pomorskie)	2,082,935 inhabitants	17,972 km²
Lesser Poland (Małopolskie)	3,386,162 inhabitants	15,183 km²
Lower Silesian (Dolnośląskie)	2,902,365 inhabitants	19,948 km²
Lublin (Lubelskie)	2,129,260 inhabitants	25,122 km²
Lubusz (Lubuskie)	1,016,652 inhabitants	13,988 km²
Masovian (Mazowieckie)	5,372,579 inhabitants	35,558 km²
Opole (Opolskie)	991,161 inhabitants	9,412 km²
Podlaskie	1,185,174 inhabitants	20,187 km²
Pomeranian (Pomorskie)	2,319,735 inhabitants	18,310 km²
Silesian (Śląskie)	4,552,627 inhabitants	12,333 km²
Subcarpathian (Podkarpackie)	2,127,687 inhabitants	17,846 km²
Warmian-Masurian (Warmińsko-Mazurskie)	1,434,783 inhabitants	24,173 km²
West Pomeranian (Zachodniopomorskie)	1,706,579 inhabitants	22,892 km²
Łódź (Łódzkie)	2,479,962 inhabitants	18,219 km²