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Nicaragua

Official name Republic of Nicaragua
Name in local language República de Nicaragua (es)
Continent Americas
Subcontinent Central America
Population (ranking: 114e) 6,460,229 inhabitants (2018)
Population growth 1.04 % / year
Area 130,376 km²
Density 49.55 inhabitants / km²
GDP (ranking: 142e) 13.118 billions $USD (2018)
GDP/capita (ranking) 2,029 $USD (2018)
GDP growth -3.80 % / year (2018)
Life expectancy (ranking) 74.30 years (2018)
Birth rate 23.17 ‰ (2015)
Fertility rate 2.54 children / woman (2015)
Death rate (ranking) 4.64 ‰ (2015)
Infant mortality rate (ranking) 18.10 ‰ (2015)
Literacy rate 82.82 % (2015)
Official languages Spanish
Currency Córdoba (NIO)
HDI (ranking: 166e) 0.651 / 1 (2018)
EPI (ranking) 55.04 (2018)
Government Unitary Dominant-party presidential constitutional republic
Head of State President Daniel Ortega
National Day 15 September (independence of 1821)
ISO Codes NI, NIC
Demonym Nicaraguan
Tourists (ranking) 1,787,000 people (2017)
A very poor country torn between North and South

Nicaragua is a Central American country bordered by Costa Rica to the south and Honduras to the north. It is bathed by the Pacific Ocean to the west and the Caribbean Sea to the east.
Nicaragua is one of the poorest countries in the Americas. With one in five people living below the poverty line, there are many social and health problems facing the country’s leaders. And that, not to mention the corruption that has become widespread since the overthrow in the 1980s Sandinistas by the Contras, aided and funded by the CIA, which itself financed its activities by drug trafficking. This illegal war has left tens of thousands of victims, mostly civilians.
Today, the Sandinistas are back in power, through elections, and the country is headed by President Daniel Ortega. He has made many concessions to the opposition, including making abortion illegal, even therapeutic or resulting from rape! A real turning back for women’s rights, conceded to the Catholic Church in exchange for its political support. The president has since been trying to stay in power at all costs, creating an authoritarian regime and favoring nepotism.

Volcan Concepción, Nicaragua. Source: Wildlife Archives
Coast of Nicaragua
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Urban areas (2015)
Urban areas Population
Managua 2,245,408 inhabitants
Masaya 227,309 inhabitants
Chinandega 222,622 inhabitants
León 204,985 inhabitants
Matagalpa 156,218 inhabitants
Jinotega 131,106 inhabitants
Granada 126,846 inhabitants
Estelí 125,455 inhabitants
Puerto Cabezas (Bilwi) 110,335 inhabitants
Siuna 102,807 inhabitants
Bluefields 55,921 inhabitants
See all urban areas
Administrative divisions
Departments Population Area
Boaco 178,582 inhabitants 4,177 km²
Carazo 190,769 inhabitants 1,081 km²
Chinandega 429,557 inhabitants 4,822 km²
Chontales 185,866 inhabitants 6,481 km²
Côte Caraïbe du Nord (Costa Caribe Norte) (Région autonome) 480,874 inhabitants 33,106 km²
Côte Caraïbe du Sud (Costa Caribe Sur) (Région autonome) 385,102 inhabitants 27,260 km²
Estelí 224,231 inhabitants 2,230 km²
Granada 206,009 inhabitants 1,040 km²
Jinotega 438,413 inhabitants 9,222 km²
León 410,860 inhabitants 5,138 km²
Madriz 164,146 inhabitants 1,708 km²
Managua 1,484,462 inhabitants 3,465 km²
Masaya 364,168 inhabitants 611 km²
Matagalpa 561,282 inhabitants 6,804 km²
Nueva Segovia 253,489 inhabitants 3,491 km²
Río San Juan 127,225 inhabitants 7,541 km²
Rivas 177,668 inhabitants 2,162 km²
See all administrative divisions
See also
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