Israel

Official nameState of Israel
Name in local languageמְדִינַת יִשְׂרָאֵל - Medīnat Yisra'el (he) ; دولة إسرائيل (ar)
ContinentAsia
SubcontinentWestern Asia
Population (ranking: 96e)9,529,952 inhabitants (2022)
Population growth1.76 % / year
Area20,517 km²
Density464.49 inhabitants / km²
GDP (ranking: 27e)481.591 billions $USD (2021)
GDP/capita (ranking)51,430 $USD (2021)
GDP growth8.20 % / year (2021)
Life expectancy (ranking)82.75 years (2020)
Birth rate20.60 ‰ (2019)
Fertility rate3.00 children / woman (2021)
Death rate (ranking)5.00 ‰ (2019)
Infant mortality rate (ranking)2.50 ‰ (2020)
Literacy rate98.80 % (2015)
Official languagesHebrew, Arabic
CurrencyNew shekel (₪‎ NIS)
HDI (ranking: 27e)0.919 / 1 (2021)
EPI (ranking)75.01 (2018)
GovernmentUnitary parliamentary republic
Head of StatePresident Isaac Herzog ; Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu
National Day5 May (independence of 1948)
ISO CodesIL, ISR
DemonymIsraeli
Tourists (ranking)396,500 people (2021)
Israël – petite
Very strong growth of the population

Israel is a state on the eastern coast of the Mediterranean Sea in the Near East (Western Asia). It shares borders with Egypt, to the southwest, Jordan to the east, Syria to the northeast, Lebanon to the north, and Palestine to the west (Gaza) and to the east (West Bank ).
Immigration was very strong in the 1990s, particularly because of the deterioration of living conditions in the countries of the former USSR, especially Russia. People of Jewish faith emigrated en masse on this occasion, and this emigration continues. There are approximately 1.3 million immigrants of Russian origin.

Désert du Négev, Israël
Desert of Negev, Israel. Photo: Andrew Shiva, Wikipedia
Forteresse de Masada, Israël
Fortress of Masada, Israel. Photo: Andrew Shiva, Wikipedia
Panorama de Tel-Aviv, métropole économique d'Israël
Panorama of Tel Aviv, economic metropolis of Israel
See all related maps or articles
Urban areas (2022)
Urban areasPopulation
Tel Aviv-Jaffa (Gush Dan)4,156,870 inhabitants
Jerusalem1,403,700 inhabitants
Haifa983,500 inhabitants
Beersheba (Be'er Sheva)417,457 inhabitants
Nazareth258,309 inhabitants
Eilat53,058 inhabitants
See all urban areas
Administrative divisions
DistrictsPopulationArea
Centre2,071,500 inhabitants1,293 km²
Haïfa981,300 inhabitants864 km²
Jérusalem1,058,400 inhabitants652 km²
Nord1,308,400 inhabitants4,478 km²
Sud1,217,500 inhabitants14,185 km²
Tel Aviv1,368,800 inhabitants176 km²
See all administrative divisions
See also